padding character การใช้

• One case in which padding characters are required is concatenating multiple Base64 encoded files.
• In some implementations, the padding character is mandatory, while for others it is not used.
• The " Modified Base64 " alphabet consists of the MIME Base64 alphabet, but does not use the " = " padding character.
• Excluding padding is useful when using base32 encoded data in URL tokens or file names where the padding character could pose a problem.
• In theory, the padding character is not needed for decoding, since the number of missing bytes can be calculated from the number of Base64 digits.
• Specifically, given an input of " n " bytes, the output will be 4 \ lceil n / 3 \ rceil bytes long, including padding characters.
• Multics used a device driver to translate this character to whatever sequence a printer needed ( including extra padding characters ), and the single byte was much more convenient for programming.
• The standard suggested any character could be used for padding, but there was no way for it to be changed " within the protocol " itself  if an implementation changed the padding character, only clients using the same implementation would correctly interpret the new padding character.
• The standard suggested any character could be used for padding, but there was no way for it to be changed " within the protocol " itself  if an implementation changed the padding character, only clients using the same implementation would correctly interpret the new padding character.